Solar power systems are generally divided into two types of power generation systems: off-grid solar power systems and grid-connected solar power systems.

Off-grid solar power systems generally consist of solar panels, controllers, batteries and, if you want to supply power to AC loads, an AC inverter. The off-grid system stores the power on the batteries for use by the equipment.

A solar grid-connected power system is one in which the DC power generated by the solar modules is converted into AC power to meet the needs of the utility according to a grid-connected inverter and then simultaneously connected to the public grid.

Workflow of solar power system.

During the daytime, under light conditions, the solar cell modules generate the corresponding electrical potential, and according to the series and parallel connection of the modules to form a solar cell square, prompting the square voltage to reach the system input voltage needs. Then, the battery is charged according to the charge/discharge controller, and the electrical energy converted from light energy is stored.

At night, the battery pack gives input power for the inverter, and according to the role of the inverter, the DC power is converted into AC power and transmitted to the distribution cabinet, which carries out the power supply by the conversion role of the distribution cabinet. The charging and discharging of the battery pack is controlled by the controller so that the battery can be used normally. The solar power system should also have load limiting protection and lightning protection devices to protect the system equipment from overload operation and from lightning strikes to maintain the safe use of the system equipment.